Every universal life illustration you have ever been shown has two sets of columns, and only one of them is a promise. The guaranteed columns project the policy forward assuming the carrier charges the maximum cost of insurance the contract permits and credits the minimum guaranteed interest rate. Those are contractual limits; the carrier cannot do worse. The non-guaranteed columns assume current charges and an assumed crediting rate, and the carrier is free to change every input in them.
Almost every sales conversation happens in the non-guaranteed columns. Almost every unpleasant surprise, fifteen or twenty years later, happens because the guaranteed columns were what mattered all along. If you learn one thing from this page, learn to find and read the guaranteed columns of a current in-force illustration. That skill applies to every universal life policy you or your family will ever own, from any carrier.
One preliminary with Boston Mutual specifically. The company’s business is concentrated in the worksite and voluntary benefits market — coverage enrolled through employers rather than sold individually — and worksite permanent products are typically whole life rather than indexed universal life. Confirm from the schedule page that your contract names index accounts and states a cap, a participation rate, and a floor. If it does not, you are holding something else, and much of the mechanics below will not apply.
In This Article
- Finding the guaranteed columns and reading them
- Where the non-guaranteed numbers come from
- Cost of insurance, and why worksite blocks carry heavier charges
- The illustration rules and your issue year
- Boston Mutual: 1891, Canton, and Massachusetts oversight
- Size, tax status, and what the realistic options are
- Frequently Asked Questions

Finding the guaranteed columns and reading them
Request a current in-force illustration from the servicer. It is normally free and you are entitled to it. When it arrives, it will run many pages. Ignore the summary page and find the year-by-year ledger, which is usually laid out with two or three column groups side by side, labelled something like “Guaranteed Values,” “Midpoint Values,” and “Current Values” or “Non-Guaranteed Values.”
From the guaranteed group, extract four numbers.
- The policy year in which account value reaches zero. This is the earliest year the contract can lapse under its own terms. Write it down and convert it to the insured’s age. That age is the single most important fact about the policy.
- The death benefit in each of the ten years before that. Confirm it holds at the face amount rather than declining.
- The guaranteed cash surrender value in five and ten years. Frequently much lower than people expect, and sometimes zero.
- The premium the ledger assumes you are paying. Check it against what you actually pay. Illustrations are often run at a planned premium that differs from the amount being drafted.
Then ask for one additional run: a premium solve on guaranteed assumptions showing what annual outlay would carry the death benefit to age one hundred. That figure tells you what keeping the policy actually costs, as opposed to what you are currently paying. Our explainer on what an in-force illustration is shows exactly where the lapse-year column sits, and our page on why the in-force illustration matters covers what to do with the answer.
Ignore the midpoint column entirely. It is an arithmetic halfway point between guaranteed and current assumptions, it corresponds to no contractual promise and no carrier commitment, and its main function is to make the guaranteed column look less alarming by sitting next to it.
Where the non-guaranteed numbers come from
The current-assumption column is built from four parameters, none of which is guaranteed for the life of the contract.
The floor, usually zero percent, means a falling index credits nothing rather than producing a loss. This element is real and contractual, and it is the feature that sells the product.
The cap limits the credit in a rising year. It is declared by the carrier and can be reduced on in-force policies down to a contractual guaranteed minimum, which is typically far below the cap in effect at issue. A policy purchased when caps were twelve percent may be crediting at a cap of six today.
The participation rate determines what fraction of index movement enters the calculation, and it is adjustable in the same way.
The index measurement is typically price return, excluding dividends. That exclusion removes a meaningful component of total equity return every year, in rising markets and falling ones alike, and it is the least understood cost in the entire product. Comparing your credited rates to headline total-return index figures will always show a shortfall, and it is not a statement error.
The practical exercise: pull five years of annual statements and write down what was actually credited each year. That record is evidence of how this contract behaves. The original sales illustration is not evidence of anything. Our explainer on what indexed universal life is covers the crediting mechanics in more depth.
Cost of insurance, and why worksite blocks carry heavier charges
Each month the carrier deducts a cost of insurance charge equal to the net amount at risk — roughly the death benefit minus the account value — multiplied by a per-thousand rate driven by the insured’s attained age, sex, and risk class. That rate curve is gentle in the fifties, distinctly steeper through the sixties, and severe from the late seventies onward.
There is a wrinkle specific to coverage enrolled at the worksite. Guaranteed-issue and simplified-issue blocks, where employees enroll with few or no health questions, experience worse mortality than fully underwritten individual blocks — because everyone who applies is accepted, including people who could not obtain coverage anywhere else. Carriers price for that by building higher mortality charges into the product. So a permanent policy obtained through a workplace enrollment generally carries a heavier internal cost load than a comparable individually underwritten contract. That is not a criticism of the product; guaranteed-issue coverage is enormously valuable to people who cannot pass underwriting. It is a reason to expect the account value to grow more slowly and to check the guaranteed lapse year rather than assuming it resembles what a fully underwritten policy would show.
The failure mechanism is the same everywhere. When credits lag the illustrated rate, account value lags. A lagging account value leaves a larger net amount at risk. A larger net amount at risk multiplied by an accelerating per-thousand rate produces a bigger monthly deduction, which shrinks account value further. Each turn of the loop makes the next one worse, which is why a policy can look sound for fifteen years and deteriorate in five. Our page on what cost of insurance is shows how to find the guaranteed maximum charge table in your own contract, and our page on universal life cost increases covers what to do when carriers raise charges on in-force blocks.
| Illustration column | What it assumes | How much weight to give it |
|---|---|---|
| Guaranteed | Maximum contractual cost of insurance, minimum guaranteed crediting rate | All of it — this is what the contract promises |
| Midpoint | An arithmetic halfway point between guaranteed and current | None — it corresponds to no promise |
| Current or non-guaranteed | Today’s charges, caps, and participation rates, projected forward | Useful context; every input is adjustable |
| Premium solve to age 100 (guaranteed) | What outlay actually holds the death benefit for life | The number that tells you what keeping it costs |

The illustration rules and your issue year
Indexed universal life illustrations were subject to no uniform national limit until the National Association of Insurance Commissioners adopted Actuarial Guideline XLIX, effective September 2015. AG 49 standardized how the maximum illustrated crediting rate is calculated and capped the illustrated benefit of policy loan arbitrage at one hundred basis points. AG 49-A applied to policies illustrated from late November 2020 and closed the use of multiplier and bonus index accounts that had been used to work around the original limits. AG 49-B took effect May 1, 2023 and further restricted illustrated rates on buy-up accounts and volatility-controlled index strategies.
Find the issue date on your contract. If it precedes September 2015, the projection that persuaded you was produced under the least restrictive standards this product has ever operated under, at a crediting rate current regulation would not permit a carrier to show. The premium recommended at the point of sale was calculated from that projection, which means as a category, pre-2015 indexed universal life is the most likely to be underfunded relative to what its owner believes.
This is not an accusation of misconduct by anyone. The illustration complied with the rules that existed. It simply was not a forecast, and thirty years of compounding turns a modest difference in assumed crediting rate into a very large difference in outcome.
Boston Mutual: 1891, Canton, and Massachusetts oversight
Boston Mutual Life Insurance Company was founded in 1891 and is headquartered in Canton, Massachusetts. It is Massachusetts-domiciled, which places it under the Massachusetts Division of Insurance for solvency oversight, policy form approval, and consumer complaints against the company.
It remains a mutual company in the traditional sense — owned by policyholders rather than public shareholders, with no stock ticker and no demutualization in its history. There is no demutualization distribution to trace, no holding company reorganization to untangle, and no transfer of the in-force block to an unaffiliated administrator. The company that issued your contract is the company servicing it, which makes document requests simpler than at carriers whose blocks have changed hands repeatedly.
Its market is the worksite: group and voluntary benefits distributed through brokers to employers, with employees enrolling at work. That focus is why the identification step at the top of this page matters. On product names we will be careful rather than confident, since lineups change and we are not going to assert that a particular indexed universal life product is open for new business in 2026 without verifying it. Your rights come from the form number on the contract and the provisions attached to it, not from a plan name in a benefits brochure.
Jurisdictionally: the Massachusetts Division of Insurance regulates Boston Mutual. It does not regulate the sale of your policy. Life settlement transactions are governed by the law of the state where the policy owner resides, which sets required disclosures, licensing standards for any provider or broker involved, and the rescission period after signing. Verify licenses with your own state’s department before signing anything.
Size, tax status, and what the realistic options are
Two practical constraints before the decision.
Size. Coverage originating in a worksite enrollment is frequently modest — $10,000 to $50,000 is common, because the product is sold at payroll-deduction price points rather than sized to a coverage need. Institutional buyers apply a working minimum near $100,000, with a few considering $50,000 in unusually strong health situations. If your policy sits below that, no resale market exists regardless of how the illustration reads, and the useful work is entirely inside the contract. Our page on the minimum policy size for a life settlement explains the cost structure behind the floor.
Tax status. Check whether the policy is a modified endowment contract under the seven-pay test in Internal Revenue Code section 7702A. In a MEC, loans and withdrawals are taxed income-first to the extent of gain, with an additional ten percent penalty generally applying before age fifty-nine and a half. In a non-MEC contract, withdrawals come out to basis first and loans are generally not taxable while the policy remains in force. MEC status is permanent once triggered and cannot be reversed. Confirm it with the servicer, and get written confirmation before authorizing any face amount reduction that might cause it. Our page on the modified endowment contract rules covers the test.
Then choose among four paths. Fund it to the guaranteed solve premium if the coverage is needed and the number is affordable; a death benefit generally received income-tax-free by beneficiaries is not easily replicated. Reduce the face amount to shrink the net amount at risk and stabilize the monthly charge. Surrender, which is immediate, irreversible, and usually the weakest option. Or have it reviewed for the secondary market, which is worth doing when the insured is roughly sixty-five or older, the death benefit is $100,000 or more, and health has declined since issue — because pricing follows projected life expectancy, declining health raises value in this market.
Send the policy cover page, the latest annual statement, and the in-force illustrations for a free policy review at (305) 209-7183. No fee, no obligation. Pine Lake Life Solutions provides education and policy reviews; we do not give legal, tax, or investment advice, and anything with tax consequences belongs with your own CPA.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which column on my illustration should I actually be reading?
The guaranteed column. It projects the policy assuming the carrier charges the maximum cost of insurance permitted by the contract and credits the minimum guaranteed rate, which is the worst outcome the contract allows. The year in which account value reaches zero in that column is the earliest the policy can lapse, and it should anchor every decision you make.
What is the midpoint column for?
It is an arithmetic halfway point between the guaranteed and current-assumption projections. It corresponds to no contractual promise and no carrier commitment, and it cannot be relied on for planning. Its practical effect in a sales presentation is to sit between the two other columns and make the guaranteed figures appear less stark by comparison.
Why would a policy bought at work cost more inside than an individual one?
Guaranteed-issue and simplified-issue blocks accept everyone who applies, including people who could not qualify for individually underwritten coverage. That produces worse mortality experience, and carriers price for it with higher internal mortality charges. The tradeoff is genuine value for someone who cannot pass underwriting, but it means account value generally grows more slowly.
Can the carrier lower my cap rate after I bought the policy?
Yes, within the contract’s terms. Caps and participation rates are declared by the carrier and are typically guaranteed only down to a contractual minimum well below the rate in effect at issue. Those declarations apply to in-force policies, not just new sales. Find the guaranteed minimum cap in your contract and plan on the assumption it could eventually apply.
Does my issue year change how much I should trust the original illustration?
Considerably. Policies illustrated before Actuarial Guideline 49 took effect in September 2015 were projected under the least restrictive standards this product has operated under, at crediting rates regulation no longer permits carriers to show. The premium recommended at sale was calculated from that projection. Order a current in-force illustration and work from that instead.
My policy is $40,000. Is that sellable?
Probably not. Most institutional buyers apply a working minimum near $100,000, with a small number considering $50,000 when the health picture is unusually compelling. Below that, the fixed costs of life expectancy underwriting, legal review, escrow, and decades of servicing exceed the economics of the transaction. The productive work is inside the policy instead.
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Related Reading
- What Is An In Force Illustration
- In Force Illustration Why It Matters
- What Is Indexed Universal Life
- What Is Cost Of Insurance
- Universal Life Cost Increases
- Modified Endowment Contract Mec
- Minimum Policy Size For A Life Settlement
- Sell My Boston Mutual Whole Life Policy
- Can I Sell An Indexed Universal Life Policy
Pine Lake Life Solutions does not purchase life insurance policies and does not provide legal, tax, or investment advice. Information provided is for educational purposes only. Eligibility for any option, including life settlements, is not guaranteed and depends on individual circumstances, policy terms, underwriting, and market conditions. Consult independent legal, tax, or financial professionals before making decisions regarding a life insurance policy.